Essay Structure and Organization
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The Five-Paragraph Essay and Beyond
While the five-paragraph essay (introduction, three body paragraphs, conclusion) is a useful starting framework, most academic writing requires more sophisticated organization.
Introduction
An effective introduction moves from general to specific: start with context, narrow to your topic, and end with your thesis statement. The thesis is your paper's central argument—the claim your entire essay supports.
Body Paragraphs
Each body paragraph should focus on one main idea that supports your thesis. Use the TEEL structure:
- Topic sentence: States the paragraph's main point
- Explanation: Elaborates on the topic sentence
- Evidence: Provides supporting quotes, data, or examples
- Link: Connects back to your thesis or transitions to the next point
Conclusion
Your conclusion should synthesize (not just summarize) your argument. Restate your thesis in light of the evidence presented, discuss implications, and suggest areas for further research or action. Never introduce new evidence in the conclusion.