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APA Style (7th Edition)

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APA Citation Format


APA is the standard for social sciences, psychology, education, and business writing.


In-Text Citations


Parenthetical: (Smith, 2024) or (Smith & Jones, 2024)


Narrative: Smith (2024) found that...


3+ authors: (Smith et al., 2024) from the first citation


Reference List Entry: Book


Author, A. A. (Year). Title of work: Capital of subtitle. Publisher.


Example: Johnson, M. (2024). Modern writing techniques. Academic Press.


Reference List Entry: Journal Article


Author, A. A. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Volume(Issue), Pages. DOI


Key APA 7th Edition Changes



  • Up to 20 authors listed (previously 7)

  • No more "Retrieved from" for URLs

  • "et al." from the first citation for 3+ authors

  • Singular "they" is acceptable