Planning and Outlining

Before You Write

Brainstorming Techniques

• Freewriting: Write nonstop for 10 minutes about your topic


• Mind mapping: Visual brainstorm with your topic in the center


• Listing: Write every related idea, then group and prioritize


• Questioning: Ask who, what, when, where, why, how about your topic

Creating an Outline

A good outline is your essay's skeleton. It ensures logical organization and complete coverage.

1. Write your thesis statement


2. List 3-5 main points that support your thesis


3. Under each point, list 2-3 pieces of evidence


4. Note your introduction hook and conclusion approach

Time Management

For a typical essay: spend 20% of your time planning, 40% writing the first draft, 20% revising, and 20% editing and proofreading. Don't skip the planning stage—it saves time overall.